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Americans in their 20s are now increasingly ditching pricey 4-year colleges — and getting into the trades

Vishesh Raisinghani

4 min read

Would you rather spend four years accumulating significant debt only to face a competitive job market or enroll in a program at a trade school that equips you with a steady income and leaves you with a managable loan balance?

That’s the question many young Americans are asking themselves as the economy shifts in fundamental ways. Here’s why many twenty-somethings are trading business casual for steel-toed boots.

A key factor driving young Americans away from a typical degree could be the cost. College tuition at public four-year institutions has surged 141% over the past 20 years, according to the Education Data Initiative, outpacing the general rate of inflation over the same period.

Unable to afford tuition, many have turned to student loans to get by. The average federal student loan borrower has $37,853 in debt and it could take roughly 20 years to pay off, says the Education Data Initiative.

Paying off that debt is even more of a challenge when recent graduates face a tough job market. The unemployment rate for recent graduates is 5.8%, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, up from 4.6% in May 2024.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, college enrollment has been declining. According to data shared by the National Center for Education Statistics, the number of students enrolled in college in the U.S. decreased by roughly 1.4 million between 2012 and 2024.

Increasingly, young Americans have turned to trade schools instead. Enrollment in trade schools grew 4.9% from 2020 to 2023, according to Validated Insights, a higher education marketing firm.

The annual cost of going to trade school can be as low as $4,200, according to SoFi’s summary of Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System data. This price point can make it a cheaper alternative to a typical four-year college degree, depending on the school, program and number of years enrolled.

Blue collar jobs in the trades also face a significant talent shortage. A whopping 86% of construction firms reported they were having a hard time filling salaried roles in 2023, according to a survey by the Associated General Contractors of America.